转折关系

　　although, though, even though, albeit, despite, in spite of, however, but, yet, while, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, whatever

　　对比关系

　　结构对比关系：not…but…, instead, in contrast, on the contrary, far from…, on the other hand, rather than, more…than…, otherwise, unlike, not so much…as...

　　特殊含义词对比：paradoxical, paradoxically, ironical, ironically, unexpected, unexpectedly, curious, curiously, surprise, surprisingly, unfortunate, unfortunately, puzzle, shock

　　时间对比关系：before, until, since, previous, current, recently, now, today, yesterday, later, future, begin, start, origin, create, once, early, formerly, initially, pristine, erstwhile, heretofore, hitherto, no longer

　　明显对比含义词：contrast whether rather than rather than instead

　　非明显对比含义词：remarkable typically/uncharacteristic between A and B

　　特殊含义词对比：disappointed paradoxically actually

　　时间对比关系

　　因果关系

　　明显因果关系：Because, because of, for, as, since, in that, be due to, as long as, if, when, so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, consequently, accordingly, thus, hence

　　隐含因果关系：given, considering, lead to, result in, give rise to, derive from, result from, on the basis of, represent, be based on, rely on, spring from

　　Because A, B/ A, because B/ A, so/therefore B

　　Given/since A, B

　　Too A to B/ so A that B/ such A that B

　　-ing/ -ed

　　目的手段关系

　　in order to, to, for, by, 分词短语, 不定式

　　A by B

　　In order to/ to

　　递进关系

　　even, indeed, not only…but also…, almost…quite